自动售票机中硬币模块找零箱容量的设计

介绍了自动售票机中硬币模块的工作原理,分析了硬币模块的应用现状及存在的问题,介绍了循环找零箱容量和后备找零箱容量设计要求和设计方法.以深圳地铁3条线所有车站自动售检票系统的实际数据为基础,通过一个模型算法对现场自动售票机硬币的使用数据进行分析,找到能最大限度利用乘客投入硬币进行找零的硬币循环箱容量的临界值;在此基础上给出了硬币循环找零箱的容量,并对后备找零箱容量设置给出了建议.     

Incorporating e-Technology to Advantage in a Greener Taxi Industry and its Impact on Driving Performance and Safety

Abstract

New technologies, especially advances in telecommunications, have had profound impacts on everyday life and brought even greater changes to some business models. Taxis represent one of the major modes of transportation in urban areas but they face a number of problems, including their environmental impacts. The status of the taxi industry in Taiwan is revealed and analyzed in this study. A new business model for the extensive and popular use of smart phones is proposed. However, it is important to know whether their use is both effective and safe. Two field experiments were executed to examine the effects on taxi drivers of using a navigation system installed in a GPS PDA phone. The results revealed that the efficiency of drivers using such a portable navigation system was better than those relying on paper maps in unfamiliar urban areas. Furthermore, performance in terms of safety was also better than those who used an on-board navigation system. In summary, incorporating e-technology can promote a taxi company's competitiveness and a driver's performance and safety as well as offer environmental benefits.     

长江中游相对湿度的气候变化特征及其对航运的影响分析

利用1965～2008年长江中游附近17个气象观测站点的相对湿度数据分析了长江中游相对湿度的气候变化特征.分析结果表明:长江中游年平均相对湿度在65％～85％之间,除个别站点外年平均相对湿度以及年高湿日天数均有减小的趋势;大部分站点6～8月份的相对湿度比其他月份要高,且与其他月份相对湿度的差值有增加趋势;高湿日天数在1/3以上,较西的站点7月份高湿日最多,较东的站点3月份高湿日最多;相对湿度与降雨量呈正相关,与蒸发量和日照时间呈负相关.相对湿度的这种变化对粮食、化肥等货物的运输是有利的.     

适应变化、把握重点，推进铁路国防交通队伍建设转型

随着信息化作战带来的国防交通保障任务的不断增加和铁路全面推进市场化运作,铁路国防交通队伍面临着如何适应战场与服务生产、如何履行国防义务与谋求企业利益的平衡选择。针对铁路国防交通队伍在编组结构、指挥方式、训练模式等建设方面面临的新形势,提出了铁路国防交通队伍建设转型怎么转、转什么的对策措施。对提高铁路国防交通动员能力有借鉴意义。     

万州晒网坝滑坡变形机理及稳定性规律跟踪研究

针对万州晒网坝滑坡地质勘查与长期监测滑移趋势不一致的现状,进行滑移机理跟踪,并通过物探验证跟踪结论。研究了135～175 m范围变化库水位及24 h强降水对该滑坡稳定性的影响,揭示了真实滑移面地质状况,纠正了地勘存在的不足,同时分析了滑移破坏机理。结果表明:该滑坡整体稳定、局部缓慢滑移;并提出了埋入式抗滑桩、裂隙封闭及地表排水的维护方案。     

天白水电站溢洪道弯曲段流态优化试验

为了改善开县天白水电工程溢洪道弯曲段流态,使断面内流量分布均匀,提高运行稳定性,根据其实际运行情况,结合以往类似工程的经验,提出了弯段底板高程正超高的优化设计方案。物理模型试验表明,采用这种工程方案可以很好地消减急流冲击波,改善弯曲段水流流态,提高下游消能能力。     

Climate Change and Tourist Comfort on Europe's Beaches in Summer: A Reassessment

Major impacts of climate change have been projected for tourism in Europe. Typically, these projections took general tourism activities such as sight-seeing and their climate requirements as their point of reference. The purpose of this study is to reassess the impact of climate change, by looking specifically at beach tourism in summer, a crucial market segment in Europe and more specifically in the Mediterranean. As beach tourism requires relatively high temperatures, relatively modest shifts in attractiveness are found. With respect to climate, the Mediterranean is likely to remain Europe's prime region for summer-time beach tourism for at least the next 50 years. Coastal managers in Mediterranean destinations are advised to focus some of their attention on other climate change impacts such as sea-level rise or water availability, and include environmental quality and diversification of activities in their deliberations. In non-Mediterranean regions, a promising strategy may be to focus on short- and medium-distance visitors who can take advantage of the new opportunities for beach tourism, and to explore the merits of seasonal climate forecasting.     

Use of GIS-Based Models for Integrating and Developing Marine Fish Cages within the Tourism Industry in Tenerife (Canary Islands)

Site selection is a key factor in any aquaculture operation, affecting both success and sustainability. Moreover, it can solve conflicts between different coastal activities, making a rational use of the coastal space. Geographical information systems (GIS) have become of increased significance for environmental planning and assessment mainly because of the need to compare a great number of spatially related data, and because it can be used to couple these spatial data with their attributes and overlay them. This study used GIS and related technology to build a spatial database using those criteria which were considered to have any influence in integrating marine fish-cage culture within the tourism industry in Tenerife. Criteria were grouped in three submodels (distance to beaches, nautical sports, and viewshed), which were combined to generate a final output showing the most suitable areas for cage culture development in coexistence with tourism. Most areas of the coastline of Tenerife were identified as being suitable (56%) or very suitable (46%), suggesting that marine cage aquaculture could be developed on the island in coexistence with the well-established tourism industry.     

Testing the Effects of Constraints on Climate Change–Friendly Behavior among Groups of Australian Residents

This study explores the relationship between Australian's attitudes toward climate change impacts on the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) and environmentally responsible behavior (ERB). We hypothesize that general attitudes toward climate change, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control predict intended and reported behavior, and that attitude negatively influences constraints on adopting ERB. The moderating effect of residential condition (urban vs. rural contexts) was tested across these hypothesized relationships. We randomly selected 200 individuals from eight regions: Five within 50 km of the GBR Coastline and three from the Statistical Metropolitan Areas in Australia. We yielded 1,623 surveys by telephone interviews. Findings confirm our hypotheses and suggest the most important predictor of intentions is perceived behavioral control. The two groups of respondents (urban vs. rural) illustrate different relationships. This study offers insight on how managers of the GBR can effectively shape residents' behavioral tendencies that minimize human impacts on the natural environment.     

Managing Shoreline Change Under Increasing Sea-Level Rise in Ghana

Relative sea-level rise will affect vulnerable coastal communities globally. Quantifying this effect on the coastal environment and infrastructure provides critical information that enables coastal managers to develop sustainable mitigation and adaptation measures. Modeling applications have enabled the past, present, and future trends in shoreline morphology to be investigated in detail. Predictive numerical models depend largely on the reliability of the input data. This article reports on using the Soft Cliff and Platform Erosion (SCAPE) numerical model to simulate future shoreline evolution trend in the central Accra coast in Ghana. The model input parameters include historic shoreline recession rates, wave data, tidal data, bathymetry, beach volume, beach topography, historic relative sea-level rise rates, and the shoreline orientation. The data fed the SCAPE numerical model which simulated the emergence of soft rock shore profiles over timescale of decades to centuries, to project future positions of the central Accra shoreline for the next 100 years under different scenarios of climate change. Simulated future shoreline positions overlaid on a 2005 orthophoto map of Accra enabled vulnerable areas and infrastructure at risk to be identified. It emerged that a highly populated community in central Accra will be inundated by 2065, while the Rivera beach resort will be eroded from 2035. A natural fish landing site in Osu (suburb in Accra) will be lost from 2045. The study has demonstrated that considerable ecological, economic, social, and national losses should be expected within the next century. Shoreline change management options should be explored to help mitigate the expected impact of the sea-level rise.